Loss Prevention 28 Aug, 2024 Mpox Overview and Port Requirements Emma MacCarthy Loss Prevention Officer Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the virus formerly known as monkeypox, a species of the genus Orthopoxvirus. It typically lasts for 2 to 4 weeks and is similar to smallpox but generally less severe. It has two distinct clades of the virus: clade I (subclasses Ia and Ib) and clade II (subclasses IIa and IIb). The most recent upsurge in cases are the clade I type originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo. However, this clade has now spread to the east and west coasts of Africa and the first case in Europe was reported in Sweden in mid August. Download PDF Transmission: Human-to-Human : Mpox can spread through close physical contact with someone who has mpox. This includes both direct contact such as touching, including intimate and sexual contact, and indirect contact such as talking or breathing close to someone who has mpox. Animal-to-Human: Coming in physical contact with an animal that carries the virus such as a monkey or rodent. Physical contact refers to bits or scratches or eating contaminated meat which is not thoroughly cooked. Signs and symptoms: The signs and symptoms of mpox typically develop within 5 to 21 days after exposure and can be divided into two stages: Initial Symptoms Fever : Often the first symptom to appear. Headache Respiratory Symptoms: Sore throat, nasal congestion, cough. Muscle Aches Backache Swollen Lymph Nodes : A distinguishing feature from smallpox. Exhaustion : General feeling of tiredness and weakness. Rash Appearance : Usually starts 1 to 5 days after the initial symptoms. Location : Begins on the face and then spreads to other parts of the body, can include the palms of the hands, soles of the feet and genital areas. Progression : The rash progresses from raised spots to fluid filled blisters, which eventually scab over and fall off. Prevention: Avoid Close Contact : Avoid close contact with anyone who has a ras