News and publications NewsIMO adopts historic MASS Code: what the new rules for autonomous shipping mean for the industryPublished: 10 June 2026NewsIn an important development for the maritime sector, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has officially adopted the International Code of Safety for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS Code). This non-mandatory framework, effective from 1 July 2026, represents the first global regulatory milestone for ships operating with reduced or no human crew on board. The MASS Code introduces a goal-based framework for standards of safety, security, and environmental protection as conventional ships. It applies primarily to cargo ships under SOLAS Chapter I engaged in international voyages. Key elements include: Four levels of autonomy, ranging from automated systems that support the crew to fully autonomous vessels capable of making independent decisions. Remote Operations Centres (ROCs), with the ship’s master retaining overall responsibility even when not physically on board. Enhanced requirements for navigation, connectivity, cyber security, fire safety, search and rescue, and system redundancy. This phased approach gives the industry time to test new technologies in a controlled way while regulators collect essential feedback. The code provides greater clarity around responsibility between the master and ROC personnel may help reduce disputes following incidents involving autonomous systems. At the same time, increased reliance on connectivity and digital control heightens cyber exposure, which may require additional protection under both P&I and specialist cyber covers. The human element also remains critical. As shore-based operators take on a larger operational role, questions around crewing liabilities, competence standards and training requirements are likely to evolve. In claims handling, improved data logging and black-box-style systems may support investigations, although more complex failure chains could