CREW WATCH | HEALTHCREW WATCH | HEALTH EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO HEATSTROKE If a seafarer exhibits signs of heatstroke, immediate action is critical: • Move to a cooler area: Find shade, air-conditioning, or a cooler part of the ship to help lower body temperature • Cool the body rapidly: Apply ice packs to the armpits, groin, and neck, or immerse the person in cool water if possible • Encourage hydration if conscious: Offer cool water or electrolyte drinks but avoid caffeinated beverages • Call for medical help: If onboard, notify the ship’s medical officer or captain immediately. If onshore, seek emergency medical assistance • Monitor your colleague: Stay with the affected person and monitor their breathing and consciousness levels until medical assistance arrives. Seafarers work in some of the most demanding environments, and the risks associated with heat exposure should never be underestimated. By recognising the signs of heatstroke, following prevention strategies, and responding quickly in emergencies, seafarers can protect themselves and their colleagues from heatstroke. Staying vigilant, hydrating regularly and respecting the dangers of excessive heat are key to ensuring a safe working environment. WHAT IS HEATSTROKE? Heatstroke is the most severe form of heat illness and occurs when the body’s core temperature rises to dangerous levels, typically above 40°C. Unlike heat exhaustion, which can often be managed with rest and hydration, heatstroke is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. High temperatures, humidity and prolonged exposure to heat can overwhelm the body’s cooling mechanisms, leading to heatstroke. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HEATSTROKE Recognising the symptoms of heatstroke early can mean the difference between life and death. The following signs indicate heatstroke and require urgent medical attention: • High body temperature: A core temperature above 40°C • Hot or dry skin: Sweating may stop, making the skin feel dry and hot to the touch • Confusion or disorientation: A person may appear confused, dizzy, or have difficulty thinking clearly • Rapid heartbeat and breathing: The body works harder to cool down, leading to an increased heart rate and fast, shallow breathing • Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick or vomiting is common in heatstroke cases • Seizures or loss of consciousness: In severe cases, heatstroke can lead to fainting or even seizures. If any of these symptoms appear, immediate action must be taken to cool the individual down and seek medical assistance. FOR SEAFARERS, EXPOSURE TO EXTREME TEMPERATURES IS OFTEN PART OF THE JOB. WHETHER WORKING ON DECK IN HUMID AND/OR SUNNY CONDITIONS, IN A HOT ENGINE ROOM, OR IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE WITH POOR VENTILATION, THE RISK OF HEAT-RELATED ILLNESSES, INCLUDING HEATSTROKE, IS A SERIOUS CONCERN. HEATSTROKE IS A LIFE-THREATENING CONDITION THAT OCCURS WHEN THE BODY OVERHEATS AND CAN NO LONGER REGULATE ITS TEMPERATURE. LEFT UNTREATED, IT CAN LEAD TO ORGAN FAILURE, BRAIN DAMAGE OR EVEN DEATH. JESSIE DUNN, BRITANNIA P&I UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING HEATSTROKE AT SEA 4. USE COOLING AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES Apply a damp cloth to the neck, wrists and forehead to help cool down. When working at a static site, consider the rigging of temporary shading, or the provision of air blowers to help reduce the heat exposure of workers. Apply sunscreen liberally at regular intervals to exposed skin. Skin that has not been exposed to sun for several months burns more easily. TIPS TO